Before this economic crisis, Tom never thought he would participate in any protests. After all, his life was quite comfortable, with enough food and warm clothing, which already t Tom’s basic needs.
But now that the economic crisis had occurred, Tom understood the gap between the lower classes like himself and the upper echelons of Arican society.
Although he could still barely survive, Tom had to figure out a way to improve the living conditions for himself and his family.
At least in Tom’s view, petitioning the governnt to issue retirent allowances in advance seed like a good choice.
After all, this was partly the reward he had earned for fighting for the United States and enduring the bumpy journey to combat in Europe.
Just asking the governnt for an advance on the retirent allowance, they should agree, right?
Tom did feel a bit uneasy inside, but after hearing John say that tens of thousands of veterans had been invited, Tom gradually beca more at ease.
A protest with tens of thousands of participants was no small affair, enough to make an impact on All States and the federal governnt.
Tom believed that unless the Arican Governnt was foolish, it couldn’t possibly ignore their demands.
News of such a protest would spread across the United States at any mont and could even reach as far as Europe and Australia.
Even though it seed sowhat like people like Tom were threatening the governnt, they truly couldn’t survive any longer, and they needed better food.
In the end, Tom accepted John’s invitation.
Before leaving, John also told Tom the location of the protest, right near Parliant House in the Capital City, Washington.
This place wasn’t just the administrative center of the entire United States, but also where nurous foreign ambassadors and Newspaper dia were gathered.
Holding the protest here wasn’t just to make it more formal but also to use the influence of foreign ambassadors to force the Arican Governnt to take these veterans’ protests seriously.
John and the forces behind him had paid a high price to gather these veterans.
Mobilizing these Arican veterans from all over the country to Washington was no small expense, especially considering a significant portion of these veterans were bringing their families along.
This was also part of John’s strategy. He promised to provide food for these veterans and their families along the way, and until the protest successfully reached its goal, the "Democratic Party" would supply food to these veterans.
This promise led a large number of veterans to decide to bring their families. Even if the protest didn’t achieve its purpose, they and their families would still have access to better food sources during this ti.
However, Tom didn’t do this. In his opinion, uniting all veterans to pressure the governnt to disburse the retirent allowances in advance was a last resort, and there was no need to escalate the situation to a massive protest involving tens of thousands.
Although it would be great if the Arican Governnt agreed to disburse the allowances in advance, if not, Tom would imdiately return without causing any conflict with the governnt.
This was because, firstly, civilians would never get a good outco from a conflict with the governnt, and secondly, Tom still had quite a bit of trust in the governnt, believing that President Hoover’s relief plan would soon be implented in Los Angeles. There was no need to damage the governnt’s credibility over a temporary crisis.
On January 14, 1928, a large number of Arican veterans were gathering in Washington, and Tom naturally boarded the train from Los Angeles to Washington as well.
On this train, clearly chartered for the occasion, Tom saw many acquaintances, the Arican veterans with whom he had once charged into battle.
As more companions joined, Tom gradually beca more assured about this trip to Washington.
After all, there is safety in numbers; this train alone was carrying thousands of Arican veterans, and Tom believed that the Arican Governnt would consider their opinions seriously.
The veterans took more than half a month to assemble, successfully bringing together tens of thousands before mid-February.
If one included so of the Arican veterans’ family mbers, the projected size of the protest had already exceeded twenty thousand people.
Oddly enough, even though the number had surpassed twenty thousand, John, who claid to be from the Democratic Party, still managed to provide for these twenty thousand people without any mistakes.
One should know that feeding twenty thousand people each day was no small figure, and mobilizing a substantial supply of food during an economic crisis was a true test of John’s capabilities.
Just the fact that John could provide such a large amount of food reassured many Arican veterans.
In their eyes, aside from the ruling Republican Party, perhaps only the Democratic Party could accomplish this.
As for those big consortia, would they gather these veterans together and provide them with free food for their benefit? It’s unthinkable.
After careful preparation and communication among the veterans, the first protest by the veterans began smoothly on February 11th, 1928.
In order to expand the impact of the protest, John stated that the Democratic Party had conducted a detailed study of the protest route, and ultimately decided on a petition route that circled Parliant House and headed towards Capitol Hill.
Yes, John referred to the protest as a petition and expressed that it was an action the veterans had to take for their survival, not an outright stand against the governnt.
The first day’s protest soon caught the attention of ambassadors from various countries and the Newspaper dia. The Arican Governnt, of course, also received the news and began deliberating whether to pay the veterans their Retirent Allowance ahead of schedule.
Experience tales with .Côm
Being veterans and also due to the presence of a ticulous plan, the march of these veterans and their families looked very orderly, which also invisibly increased the influence of the protest.
In a short period of ti, news of the large-scale protest had spread to most areas of the eastern United States, and had even been reported back to their own countries by ambassadors from various countries.
This also made the protest near Washington’s Parliant House the focus of the entire world’s attention; everyone was curious about how the Arican Governnt would handle it, though most people believed that the Arican Governnt would quickly agree to the veterans’ requests.
After all, the number of veterans was just tens of thousands, and a few hundred US dollars per person for Retirent Allowance would only add up to several million dollars.
Even if the Retirent Allowance for so was a bit higher, the total cost would not exceed 10 million dollars.
10 million dollars to quell a large-scale protest would be cost-effective for most countries, let alone the originally wealthy United States.
Even so national representatives didn’t take the protest seriously—after all, which country didn’t have a few protests? Especially such a relatively peaceful one with modest demands.
The developnts did indeed not surprise the representatives from various countries. After just over one week, the United States Congress could no longer bear the pressure.
Since the current ruling party was the Republican Party, the opposition was naturally the Democratic Party. This protest beca the best way for the Democratic Party to attack the Republican Party, regardless of whether it had been orchestrated by the Democratic Party; the Democratic Party had already begun to relentlessly attack the Republican Party’s policies.
Under this pressure, on February 19th, 1928, the United States Congress formally voted through the Patman Act regarding the early paynt of retirent funds and, in the presence of a multitude of dia and many veterans, submitted the Act to President Hoover.
Everyone thought that the protest was going to end, the veterans had even packed their luggage, ready to collect their relief funds and then return ho, when the unexpected suddenly happened.
President Hoover, who had not yet taken a stand, expressed strong rejection directly after receiving the Patman Act from Congress.
Before the diplomatic representatives, the newspaper dia, and the veterans could even express their surprise, sothing even more shocking happened.
On February 21st, the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, General MacArthur, led the main force equipped with tanks and machine guns along with a large number of police officers to brutally suppress the veterans who were gathered around Parliant House.
General MacArthur claid he was acting on President Hoover’s orders, simply expressing Hoover’s intention to disperse the veterans, and didn’t even give the veterans ti to withdraw before he started the forcible clearing.
During the dispersion, the Arican army and police not only inflicted multiple cuts on the veterans with bayonets on their rifles, but also opened fire directly when the veterans resisted, and used weapons such as tear gas to brutally suppress them.
What could these unard veterans, who had no preparation and even had their families with them, do against such cruel suppression?
For a mont, the skies over Washington were filled with gunfire, the whinnying of horses, the footsteps of the army and police, the cries of the veterans and their families, the sound of police sirens, and the roar of burning flas.
The unprepared group of veterans soon faced casualties in the hundreds, including a large number of veterans’ family mbers and not a few children.
The deaths of friends and family mbers soon caused these veterans to see red, and a small portion of them, having lost their reason, directly charged at the army and police, attempting to snatch weapons to fight back.
The veterans’ resistance provoked even more intense fire suppression from the army, leading to increasingly higher casualties within the veteran community.
Although a large number of veterans had already fled the area around Parliant House, many were shot and injured before they could escape, helplessly watching their family mbers fall to the gunfire.
The chaos lasted for over an hour, eventually being replaced by the wails of the veterans and their family mbers.
After the gunfire ceased, Chief of Staff General MacArthur couldn’t bear to look at the veterans for another mont, and with all his strength, he issued the army its final command, "Retreat!"
After the army withdrew, order was taken over by the police. Those veterans and their family mbers who were not seriously injured were directly detained, and the final outco was transportation to the police station, followed by imprisonnt on various charges.
Tom was among those who reacted quickly, and since he wasn’t accompanied by family mbers, he had no encumbrances as he fled.
Although Tom safely escaped the vicinity of Parliant House, listening to the deafening gunfire and cries over there, Tom’s trust in the country had collapsed.
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