Mathematics and physics have always been closely connected, yet distinctively different disciplines.
The forr mainly studies abstract concepts, structures, and relationships, seeking logical consistency and proof, deriving new results through logical reasoning from known axioms and theorems. Whether a conclusion is correct is determined by logic. As long as the proof process is flawless, then theoretically it can stand forever.
Just like the Pythagorean theorem, it holds in any Euclidean space, without a doubt.
The research subjects of physics are various matters, energy, and their interactions in the natural world. The ultimate goal is to explain and predict natural phenona and reveal the laws of the universe.
Therefore, the research in physics not only requires mathematical tools but also various experintal instrunts. Microscopes, telescopes, accelerators, furnaces...
Similarly, all theories in physics not only require detailed derivation processes but must also be verified through experints and observations. Given that verification requires various technological ans, a theory that is considered correct under current technological levels may be disproven or modified with future new experints or observational results.
The ether theory of the last century was completely overturned because the ether was never found, coupled with the rise of relativity; classical chanics were extrely inadequate in explaining blackbody radiation and photoelectric effects, thus leading to quantum chanics that specifically studies the microscopic world.
People’s understanding of the universe has also experienced celestial circles, geocentrism, heliocentrism, and then cosmology...
Simply put, various theories of human understanding of this world have been continuously evolving along with technological developnt.
The widely recognized Big Bang theory now ca from the 1960s, and the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation led scientists to lean towards supporting the Big Bang theory, directly abandoning the previous steady-state universe model.
So it can be said that starting from the twentieth century, the invariability of light speed and cosmological expansion are basically the most mainstream academic viewpoints in cosmology, never shaken.
Today, both viewpoints have been revolutionized together.
So can it be understood?
Critiel Matich’s answer in his heart was no!
The speed of light is a constant! How can it be variable?
An ancient universe where the speed of light was higher?! Why?
The universe is clearly expanding, Hubble’s law and cosmic microwave background radiation are enough to illustrate this. Even the distribution of galaxies and the structure of the universe indicate that on a large-scale structure, the universe is accelerating in expansion.
The only point against the cosmological expansion theory lies in the model’s estimation of the total mass of the universe. Theoretically, the total mass of the universe’s matter is insufficient to explain why the currently observed universe shows an accelerated expansion state.
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According to the theoretical model, the universe’s total mass and energy would lead to the expansion speed gradually slowing down, or even reversing into contraction. At this point, a type of energy with a negative pressure property is needed to complete the model, thus dark energy’s supplentation.
The flaw is that dark energy and dark matter have yet to be found.
One of Critiel Matich’s purposes in researching high-energy cosmic rays is also to find indirect evidence of the existence of dark energy. Space high-energy particles travel through the universe at near light speed, possibly affected by magnetic fields and energy during their propagation. Analyzing the sources and propagation paths of these rays may potentially reveal evidence of dark energy.
As long as energy exists, it must interact with other matter.
This is the career he has fought for all his life, and now his student tells him, don’t bother, that stuff simply doesn’t exist. Our universe is not expanding, it is all an illusion, the constancy of light speed is also an illusion, because in the past the light traveled too fast, so the redshift value is higher.
Edwin Hubble’s discovery of galaxy redshift phenonon was purely because the speed of light used to be faster.
This is a very simple reason, if the speed of light decreases over ti, then during the propagation of photons, their frequency will gradually decrease, appearing as a redshift phenonon. Conversely, if the speed of light increases, it would appear as a blueshift.
The redshift is because the speed of light has slowed now, and may slow even further in the future.
Yes, the career he has studied all his life is suddenly about to be completely overturned. Critiel Matich suddenly experienced the feelings of those scientists when the ether theory was overturned.
Understand? Nonsense!
This is damn pseudoscience.
"Cough cough, Ham, if it were in your country, in the Middle Ages, just by what you just said, you might have been seen as a heretic and then burned to death." Critiel Matich couldn’t help but say to the excited Ham Taylor.
"Alright, Professor, then tell how to explain such remote and terrifyingly large galaxies? Should they exist according to the original theory?"
"Maybe there is an error in our estimation of the age of the universe! This is possible."
"You can accept a model error in the age of the universe, why can’t you accept the variability of light speed?"
"Because it cannot be proven! A new galaxy cannot support this viewpoint!"
"Of course! I admit this point, but you need to know this is just a starting point, subsequent work has already been arranged! The Xilin Academic Society’s software has already released dozens of related scientific research tasks!"
"What do you an?" Critiel Matich instinctively asked.
"Assuming the speed of light is indeed variable, the mass of fundantal particles would also have slight changes accordingly. Thus, by using high-precision mass spectroters to observe ancient materials, perhaps we can discover clues. Moreover, the lifespan and decay rate of fundantal particles may also be affected.
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